Human Respiratory System, Std- 10
RESPIRATION IN HUMANS
➤ Respiration in humans involve two steps
(i) Breathing:- A physical process of intake of air ( rich in O2 )and giving out of air (rich in CO2 ).
(ii) Cellular Respiration:- A biological process in which glucose is oxidized to CO2 and water along with the exchange of gasses.
➜ Respiration in humans occurs through a set of organs which makes a system is called
human respiratory system.
human respiratory system.
➽HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
:- The human respiratory system consists of:-
➥Nostrils
:- The human respiratory system consists of:-
➥Nostrils
➥Pharynx
➥Tracheae
➥ Bronchi
➨ Lungs 
NOSTRIL & NASAL CAVITY
:- The human resp. system begins from the nose .Our nose has two holes in it which are
called nostrils.
:- The passage in the nose behind the nostrils is known as nasal cavity.
:- The air for respiration enters our body through the nostril and nasal cavity.
:- It is lined with fine hairs and mucus when air passes through the nasal cavity the dust particle and
other impurities present in it trapped by nasal hair and mucus so that clean air goes into the lungs.
PHARYNX
:- It is situated at the back of the mouth.
:- It is common area to both digestive and respiratory tracts .
:- It leads or opens into the larynx or voice box which further leads into trachea.
TRACHEAE
:- It is a tube like structure that extends into the thoracic cavity and lies on the ventral side
of the esophagus.
:- It is also known as the windpipe.
:- Its wall is provided with incomplete C-shaped cartilaginous rings.
called nostrils.
:- The passage in the nose behind the nostrils is known as nasal cavity.
:- The air for respiration enters our body through the nostril and nasal cavity.
:- It is lined with fine hairs and mucus when air passes through the nasal cavity the dust particle and
other impurities present in it trapped by nasal hair and mucus so that clean air goes into the lungs.
PHARYNX
:- It is situated at the back of the mouth.
:- It is common area to both digestive and respiratory tracts .
:- It leads or opens into the larynx or voice box which further leads into trachea.
TRACHEAE
:- It is a tube like structure that extends into the thoracic cavity and lies on the ventral side
of the esophagus.
:- It is also known as the windpipe.
:- Its wall is provided with incomplete C-shaped cartilaginous rings.
:- Cartilaginous rings keep the trachea in dilated position and prevent it from collapsing.
:- Its upper end has a voice box known as Larynx.
BRONCHI AND BRONCHIOLES
:-The passage of airway in the respiratory system that conducts air into the lungs ,known as bronchi.
:- And the bronchi when too narrow to be supported by cartilage are known as bronchioles.
:- No gas exchange takes place in the bronchi.
:- Each bronchiole terminates in a sac called alveolus or alveolar sac.
:- Alveoli are the actual sites of respiratory exchange hence, they are known as the functional units of lungs.
:-About 700 million alveoli present in the lungs.
:- The gaseous exchange takes place in the alveoli.
LUNGS
:- It is the primary organ of the respiratory system in humans.
:- It is a pair of highly elastic, hollow bag-like structure.
:- It is situated in the thoracic cavity along with the heart.
:- It is divided into two parts i.e left and right lungs.
:- It is covered by two membranes called pleural, the broad lower surface of lungs rest
on the diaphragm.
:- Its upper end has a voice box known as Larynx.
BRONCHI AND BRONCHIOLES
:-The passage of airway in the respiratory system that conducts air into the lungs ,known as bronchi.
:- And the bronchi when too narrow to be supported by cartilage are known as bronchioles.
:- No gas exchange takes place in the bronchi.
:- Each bronchiole terminates in a sac called alveolus or alveolar sac.
:- Alveoli are the actual sites of respiratory exchange hence, they are known as the functional units of lungs.
:-About 700 million alveoli present in the lungs.
:- The gaseous exchange takes place in the alveoli.
LUNGS
:- It is the primary organ of the respiratory system in humans.
:- It is a pair of highly elastic, hollow bag-like structure.
:- It is situated in the thoracic cavity along with the heart.
:- It is divided into two parts i.e left and right lungs.
:- It is covered by two membranes called pleural, the broad lower surface of lungs rest
on the diaphragm.
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